Gibberellic Acid (Ga3)

Gibberellic Acid (GA₃) is a natural growth hormone of plants in the gibberellin family, having high activity for elongation of cells, seed germination, and growth of plants. It is employed extensively in plant physiology research, agricultural practices, and plant tissue culture systems. GA₃ stimulates various developmental activities like stem elongation, leaf growth, dormancy breakage, and flowering in some long-day plants.

Gibberellic Acid in Plant Tissue Culture Media is applied to prolong shoots and counteract dwarfing as a result of over-exposure to cytokinin. It has the unique use in micropropagation systems of fruit trees, ornamentals, and cereals. GA₃ concentrations within the optimal range can trigger elongated, healthy shoots for transplanting and rooting.

Gibberellic Acid is also applied in seed germination tests for breaking dormancy and for consistent sprouting, particularly with hard-seeded varieties or plants that naturally suppress growth. It is commonly applied in horticultural activities like fruit thinning, control of size, and promotion of elongation of grape clusters. Application of the product by spraying in cultivated fields is also employed to promote the vigour and productivity of the plant.

Chemically, Gibberellic Acid GA₃ is a weakly soluble off-white or white powder in water and soluble in alcohol. Its biological activity depends on concentration, both in type of plant and developmental stage. Therefore, accurate formulation and application are required to induce the desired growth response without inducing unwanted extension or compromise of structural strength.

The compound is extensively employed in scientific studies of hormonal interaction, control of growth processes, and stress physiology. Its capacity to control gene expression that is involved in growth-stimulating enzymes has put it at the forefront of scientific research in molecular plant biology.

With its multiple applications in plant biotechnology, horticulture, and agriculture, Gibberellic Acid GA₃ is the principal reagent in procedures that seek to enhance plant productivity and control plant development.